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Deserts can have extreme daily temperature ranges. During the day, temperatures can reach well over 104 degrees Fahrenheit. But overnight, the temperatures can drop sharply. Deserts are the driest of all ecosystems. Desert plants and animals have all kinds of unique adaptations that allow them to conserve water in such dry environments.

The northern and southern poles of the planet feature Arctic climates. In these regions, temperatures rise above freezing only a few months a year. Organisms that live in these areas need adaptations for keeping heat in their bodies and living for periods with little food or running water.

Rain forests cover much of South America and Southeast Asia. In these areas, there is little variation in temperature. Temperatures and water availability make these areas rich in biodiversity. Each form of life has a set of unique adaptations for a specific location in the rain forest.